1) How the Healers figure it out has to do with the nature of the curse. It builds from a small point and starts slow, then gathers speed. They're able to figure out it's five years advanced. I probably won't have them pin it down to the exact date after all, but they can tell how long since it was cast simply by the effects it's manifesting.
2) The Head Auror makes an initial promise that as soon as Harry solves the kidnapping case, the bond will be reversed. The bond is more like something to keep him as focused on the case as possible. She fully expects that he'll hate the emotions he feels so much he'll work to get rid of it. She does this because she's at her wits' end as to how to make Harry concentrate on the case otherwise; she offered him personal time so he could pursue the curse-caster and come back to work when he'd found him or her, but Harry refused because he wants to use the Ministry's resources.
3) The Head Auror does it suddenly, without warning. And if she has Wizengamot pressure from above, both Harry and Draco wouldn't find it easy to simply hire lawyers and be done with it; a lot of very powerful people want this case solved and now.
I do see what you mean about concerns, but the Head Auror isn't going to consider the consequences fully, and the section where she decides on and casts the spell will be from her POV. On the other hand, neither does she warn them ahead of time. A lot of the mess in the story comes from people acting without considering the consequences, including Harry, who somehow thought he could remain an Auror but devote all his time to searching for his personal enemy only.
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2) The Head Auror makes an initial promise that as soon as Harry solves the kidnapping case, the bond will be reversed. The bond is more like something to keep him as focused on the case as possible. She fully expects that he'll hate the emotions he feels so much he'll work to get rid of it. She does this because she's at her wits' end as to how to make Harry concentrate on the case otherwise; she offered him personal time so he could pursue the curse-caster and come back to work when he'd found him or her, but Harry refused because he wants to use the Ministry's resources.
3) The Head Auror does it suddenly, without warning. And if she has Wizengamot pressure from above, both Harry and Draco wouldn't find it easy to simply hire lawyers and be done with it; a lot of very powerful people want this case solved and now.
I do see what you mean about concerns, but the Head Auror isn't going to consider the consequences fully, and the section where she decides on and casts the spell will be from her POV. On the other hand, neither does she warn them ahead of time. A lot of the mess in the story comes from people acting without considering the consequences, including Harry, who somehow thought he could remain an Auror but devote all his time to searching for his personal enemy only.